10 Warning Signs Your Pet Needs a Vet Visit

5. Coughing, Sneezing, or Difficulty Breathing

Respiratory issues can range from mild irritations to critical emergencies. Knowing the difference helps you decide when to seek help.

Persistent Coughing: A persistent, harsh, or deep cough, especially if it worsens with activity or at night, can indicate kennel cough (in dogs), bronchitis, pneumonia, heart disease, or even the presence of foreign objects in the airway. Dogs with heart conditions often develop a cough as fluid builds up in the lungs.

Persistent Sneezing or Nasal Discharge: Occasional sneezing is normal, but constant sneezing, especially with thick, colored, or bloody nasal discharge, suggests a respiratory infection (like feline herpesvirus in cats), allergies, or a foreign body in the nasal passages. Swelling around the nose or persistent pawing at the face can also accompany these signs.

Difficulty Breathing (Dyspnea): This is a critical emergency. Signs include:

• Labored Breathing: Your pet’s chest and abdomen move excessively to breathe.
• Open-Mouth Breathing: Especially in cats, this is a severe emergency as cats are obligate nasal breathers.
• Panting Excessively: Panting without exertion or in cool temperatures.
• Blue or Gray Gums/Tongue (Cyanosis): Indicates a severe lack of oxygen.
• Wheezing or Crackling Sounds: Can indicate fluid in the lungs or narrowed airways.
• Stretching Neck Out: Your pet extends their head and neck in an attempt to open their airway.

If you observe any signs of difficulty breathing, consider it a life-threatening emergency. Rapid veterinary intervention is crucial to restore oxygen flow and identify the underlying cause. According to the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA), recognizing respiratory distress early can significantly improve your pet’s prognosis.